International Journal of Medical Sciences and Education (IJMSE)
Vol. 5; Issue: 1 (Jan-March 2018), Date of Publication: 01.04.2018

Table of Contents

1. Editorial                                                                                                                                                             1
                                                                                                                                                             PDF FULL TEXT

2. SPECTRUM OF HEPATIC INVOL​VEMENT IN PATIENTS WITH DENGUE INFECTION                                    2-6
     Dr. Virendra Goyal, Dr. Asrar Ahmed                                                                                           PDF FULL TEXT

ABSTRACT

​Background: dengue infection is a public health situation which requiring immediate action because of its capacity to metastasize exponentially beyond geographical borders. There are around more than 50 million new dengue infections encountered each year all around the globe. Material & Methods: The present study was a retrospective observational type study which includes 100 patients of dengue which were serologically proven and who were admitted at American international institute of medical sciences, GBH Hospital, Bedwas, Udaipur, Rajasthan. The study was conducted from May 2017 to October 2017. Results:  Out of total 100 patients, 37 had less than 2 fold raised titer of ALT levels, 20 had 2-4 folds raised ALT levels, 21 had 4-10 folds raised ALT levels and 10 had more than 10 fold raised ALT levels. 9 had normal titer of AST values, 25 had less than 2 fold titer normal AST values, 24 had 2-4 fold raised AST titer than normal values, 28 had 4-10 fold raised AST values and 14 had greater than 10 fold raised AST values than normal range. Bilirubin levels were elevated in 10 patients, alkaline phosphatase levels were elevated in 29%, and serum globulins were elevated in 11 patients. Serum proteins were below normal range in 46% and serum albumin was below normal in 35% of patients. Conclusion: We concluded that range of liver function deterioration in dengue fever can vary from asymptomatic to symptomatic biochemical involvement and beyond to severe acute liver cell injury. Low serum albumin levels observed which can be used as marker of the critical phase of the liver disease.
Key words: ALT, AST, Dengue fever, Hyperbilirubinemia

3. CLINICAL PROFILE EVALUATION OF FEBRILE THROMBOCYTOPENIA                                                      7-11
     Dr. Mridul Bhushan, Dr.Prem Singh                                                                                              PDF FULL TEXT

ABSTRACT

Background: Thrombocytopenia is multifactorial and can be present in many diseases but still it can be fatal. The platelet count less than 1,50,000/μL characterized as thrombocytopenia. The most common etiology behind this in febrile cases are expanded sequestration in spleen, diminished creation and expanded obliteration. Material & Methods: In present study 100 patients of more than 12 years of age having fever as presenting symptom with thrombocytopenia were included in the study after obtaining approval from the institutional ethics committee. Patients having a febrile thrombocytopenia and congenital thrombocytopenia were excluded from the study. Results :  26% cases were due to viral fever while 29% cases were due to malaria, 27% cases had dengue fever and 12% cases had septicemia while leptospirosis and scrub typhus accounts for 6% cases collectively. In sixty percent of the cases, platelet count was between 50000 to 100000 per cubic mm. Headache was present in 72% cases, Myalgia was seen in 65 percent of the cases, Chills and rigors are seen in 60% cases of febrile thrombocytopenia. Bleeding and rashes were present in 13% and 21% cases respectively. Conclusion: We concluded Based on the results of present study that, infectious diseases accounts for most of the cases of febrile thrombocytopenia and out of them malaria and dengue were the most common cause
Key words : Febrile, Fever, Thrombocytopenia.

4. SEROPOSITIVITY OF  DENGUE VIRUS AND COMPARISON OF DENGUE IGM RAPID CARD                 12-17
    SEROREACTIVE TEST WITH DENGUE IGM ELISA : A STUDY AT A TERTIARY CARE HOSPITAL,
    UDAIPUR, RAJASTHAN                                                                                                                           
     Dr. Anshu Sharma, Dr. Pawan Kumar Avasthi , Deepa Upadhyay                                             PDF FULL TEXT

ABSTRACT

Background: Dengue virus infection is one of the major public health problems and a major constituent of emerging infectious diseases worldwide. Objectives: To study the Seropositivity of Dengue Virus and comparison of Dengue IgM Rapid Card Test Seroreactive Test with Dengue IgM ELISA. Materials and Methods: 23820serum samples from patients with febrile illness attending to the inpatient and outpatient department were processed by Dengue Rapid card test and then 312 IgM seroreactive sample processed by Dengue IgM Capture ELISA for confirm. Results: Out of 23820 serum samples, sero-positivity for DEN V was found in 312 (1.30%). In which 230 (0.96%) were IgM Positive and 82 (0.34%) were IgM,+ IgG Positive and 23506 (98.69%) were found sero negative for DEN V by Dengue IgM and IgM+IgG Rapid Card Test, period out of 312 total serum positive samples 195 (62.50%) were males and 117 (37.50%) were females. Most affected age group from febrile illness is 11-20 years (27.05%), followed by age group 21-30 years (24.03%. Maximum seropositive samples were in month of October 69(39.42%), and then in November 44(25.14%) and in September 40(22.85%) were come out. Out of 312 Positive Rapid card test only 136 [43.59%] was positive for DEN IgM Capture ELISA which is gold standard test for Dengue disease. Conclusion: Early diagnosis and treatment of Dengue virus infection is important for patient and community. It is need of continuous surveillance for Dengue virus disease using multiple diagnostic tests. In Indian setting screening of Dengue virus by Rapid Card test is necessary.
 
KEYWORDS: Dengue Virus, ELISA.

5. A GAME BASED LEARNING ACTIVITY IN CLASSROOM ON G PROTEIN SIGNALLING                          17-22
     AMONG FIRST YEAR MEDICAL STUDENTS         
     Dr. Tandra Ghosh, Miss. Suchitra Dutta                                                                                      PDF FULL TEXT

ABSTRACT

Background:  Due to  vastly diverse  and complex nature of information which are to be acquired during medical  degree studies, as it possesses an utmost challenge both for the learners as well as the educators to excel in effective teaching and learning. But it is beyond doubt that, students should be taught with active and sustainable learning strategies at each step of medical study period. The irony is still exist as the most widely practice method is didactic form of teaching in classroom which provide with very minimum scope of eliciting effectiveness of productive teaching or student learning. To diversify the teaching repertoires beyond traditional didactics, one form that is gaining momentum, is the use of educational games, which is presently practiced minimally for class room teaching. Method: the attempts  have been undertaken  to elicit the effectiveness of teaching strategies  by combining educational game with didactic lecture in classroom to impart target knowledge regarding G protein signalling process, using interactive non-competitive, educational puzzle in small peer groups with didactic lecture sessions. Result: The result/ outcome reflected in this process that the game was more beneficial than didactic lecture alone to the students in classroom. Seventy five students (75) out of total eighty four students (84) has reported the that the learning experience  by the game based activity has helped in better understanding of the topic than didactic lecture alone. Conclusion: Imparting the knowledge involving educational games can better ensure active student participation and resulting in more effective understanding as well as developing a growth mindset.
 
KEY WORDS : Medical education, Game and learning in Classroom.​

6.   PRIMARY PREVENTION OF CORONARY HEART DISEASE (CHD) IN SAUDI ARABIA:                        23-29
      MEETING THE CHALLENGE      
      Dr. Homaidan T. Alhomaidan                                                                                                       PDF FULL TEXT

ABSTRACT

Coronary heart disease (CHD) represents the third most common cause of hospital-based mortality. Many studies have identified that diabetes, dyslipidemia, hypertension, obesity, smoking, lack of physical activity, unhealthy diet, and excessive alcohol consumption are the main risk factors associated with myocardial infarction. Primary prevention of CHD includes delaying or limiting the first changes in individuals who have not yet been diagnosed with a heart disease or being aware of potential heart illness, while secondary prevention aims to prevent, postpone, or limit the progression or the recurrence of the clinical manifestations of CHD in patients who have already been diagnosed with CHD. Identifying individuals with cardiovascular risk factors through screening allows for additional evaluation, diagnosis, and treatment. Several studies have compared the outcomes of when care is given to high-risk individuals with poor lifestyle to the care given to the entire population, addressing the environmental and behavioral characteristics of the population in general. However, if the recent increase in the incidence of obesity, diabetes, and smoking continues, Saudi Arabia will face major challenges to lowering cardiovascular risk factors in the population, and the end of this epidemic will not be in sight. This review draws attention to possible prevention modalities to address this important public health problem.
 
KEYWORDS : Coronary Heart Disease, Prevention, Saudi Arabia.

7.  LECTURING IN MEDICINE : THE INTERACTIVE WAY                                                                                  30-36
     Dr. Sameer. M .Khan, Dr. Anisa Khan                                                                                           PDF FULL TEXT

ABSTRACT

Background: Interactive lecturing involves an increased interaction between the teachers, students and the lecture content. The use of interactive lectures can promote active learning, heighten attention and motivation, give feedback to the teacher and the student, and increase satisfaction for both. This article describes a number of interactive techniques that can be used in large group presentations as well as general strategies that can promote interactivity during lectures. The aim of this article is to describe the advantages and indications for interactive lectures, to discuss common fears and concerns about using this method of teaching, to outline a number of interactive techniques that can be incorporated into medical teaching at all levels, and to highlight general guidelines for successful interaction and audience participation. Materials and Methods : The data from various journals and other sources were collected regarding the techniques used in lecturing in medicine and were thoroughly reviewed. Results: It was agreed that interactive lecture indeed has a lot of benefit to both the students and to the teachers Conclusion: It was concluded that in order to have an effective implementation of the interactive lecture the teacher should be willing to take risks, be thoroughly prepared and remain flexible.
KEYWORDS : Interactive Lecturing, feedback, heightens attention