International Journal of Medical Sciences and Education (IJMSE)
Vol. 7 Issue: 4 (July-Aug. 2020), Date of Publication: 01.09.2020

Table of Contents
     Editorial

1.    CRITICAL LOOK AT CHALLENGES IN THE MEDICAL LABORATORY SCIENCE TRAINING IN THE
       WORKPLACE                                                                                                                                                  1-4
       Dr. Reza Mortazavi                                                                                                                    PDF FULL TEXT

2.    THE IMPORTANCE OF IMPLEMENTING AUTHENTIC TEACHING AND LEARNING TECHNIQUES IN
       MEDICAL SCHOOL                                                                                                                                         5-9
       Ibrahim Kamil Luttfi                                                                                                                  PDF FULL TEXT

ABSTRACT

Authentic learning is the actual life learning. It is a style of learning that promote the students to create a valuable product. Authentic learning concentrate on real-world, complex problems and their solutions. The teacher becomes a guide on the side as a facilitator. Authentic learning catches all the senses allowing students to make a significative, favorable, and shared outcome. The importance of authentic teaching and learning include Students are more likely to be interested in what they are learning, students are better prepared to succeed in college, careers, and adulthood, Meet the students’ learning needs, Stimulate personal motivation, Assure the much needed mental comfort and confidence, Encourage learners to assimilate and connect knowledge that is unfamiliar, Enhance transferability and application of theoretical knowledge to the real world and Students practice higher-order thinking skills. The outcome of any education system should be to send students into the world prepared for both their personal and professional lives. Education and life should not be isolated from each other. What we can do is teach our students to be adaptable and creative thinkers who are able to utilize the skills and knowledge they do have to create new solutions to problems. By giving students the opportunity to learn through authentic, real-life, relevant learning experiences, we are giving them the ability to apply their learning, to learn through doing, to see their abilities, to adapt and change, and to form the habits required to do this successfully in their lives beyond medical school.
Keyword: Authentic learning, Clinical Teaching, Team- Based Learning, Problem-based Learning

3.    PERCEPTIONS AND PRACTICES REGARDING CLINICAL ETHICS BY POSTGRADUATE MEDICAL
       STUDENTS IN A TERTIARY CARE HOSPITAL IN LUCKNOW                                                                 10-17
       Anila Varghese, Monika Agarwal                                                                                             PDF FULL TEXT

ABSTRACT

Background: Postgraduate medical students face many issues regarding clinical ethics. Inadequate management of ethical issues in patient care can lead to multiple conflicts. This study was conducted to explore the perceptions and practices regarding standard clinical ethics and the challenges faced by postgraduate residents. Methods: A Cross- sectional, facility-based study was conducted among 145 postgraduate medical students in King George’s Medical University using a pre-tested semi-structured questionnaire. Results: 64.1% residents face ethical problems daily during clinical practice. The most common challenge faced by them is lack of clear guidelines. Only 8.3% had received training in Clinical ethics. Majority of the participants felt a need for further training in dealing with issues of clinical ethics before completion of post-graduation. Conclusion: Postgraduate residents experience ethical Issues frequently at work, but lack the training to resolve these dilemmas. The incorporation of a bioethics curriculum in the post-graduation programmes would be beneficial.
KEYWORDS: Clinical ethics, Postgraduate medical education, Bioethics

4.    THE ASSESSMENT OF FUNCTIONAL OUTCOME OF CONSERVATIVE MANAGEMENT OF ACETABULAR
       FRACTURES AT TERTIARY CARE HOSPITAL                                                                                          18-22
       Jay Satish Bhatt,  Naveen Rathor                                                                                            PDF FULL TEXT

ABSTRACT

Background: Acetabular fractures are the consequence of high-speed injury including 18% of all pelvic fractures. Anatomical and compatible decrease of the acetabular break is the best quality level in the administration of the acetabular cracks. In the distributed writing both moderate and employable administrations have been examined having points of interest and hindrances of both the modalities of treatment. Material & Methods: The present retrospective study was conducted at the Department of orthopedics at our tertiary care hospital. The study group of 50 patients, consisted of mainly patients from different parts of Rajasthan and also some from the states like Gujarat and Madhya Pradesh. Results: The study included 50 patients with the average age of 42.7 years with 32 patients (64 %) male and 18 patients (36%) female patients with the average BMI 26.1 kg/m2. The mechanism of injury was commonly RTA in 37 (74%) of patients and 13 (26%) fell from a height. Based on the X-rays and CT scan patients had fractures involving 16 (32%) posterior wall 4 (8%) posterior column, 5 (10%) anterior column, 4 (8 %) transverse, 2 (4%) posterior column with posterior wall, 5 (10%) transverse with posterior wall, 4 (8 %) T-shaped, 1 (2%) anterior column with posterior Hemi-transverse, and 9 (18%) involved bi-columnar fractures. The average duration of skeletal traction was 5.8 weeks and the average follow up was 5.7 years with the minimum follow up of 3 years and a maximum of 8 years. Functional outcome score showed good to excellent results in 82%, fair to satisfactory results in 14-16%, 2-4% had a poor result in the patient analyzed with both Harris Hip Score, Merle d’Aubigne, and Postel score. 41 (82%) patients were able to sit cross-legged, 46 (92%) had returned to regular work and 4 (8%) patients changed their occupation to desk jobs. Conclusion: Acetabular fractures can be dealt with minimalistically with great to magnificent outcomes. Joint congruency must be kept up particularly in a weight-bearing arch and checked with sequential x beams during the treatment with a foothold and early scope of development of the hip joint, proprioceptive exercise, muscle reinforcing with reformist stride preparing will give great to fantastic Functional and clinical result.
Keyword: Acetabular fractures, Functional outcome, Conservative.

5.    ASSESSMENT OF THE CLINICAL PROFILE OF CHRONIC OBSTRUCTIVE PULMONARY DISEASE
       AMONG NON-SMOKERS AT TERTIARY CARE CENTRE                                                                          23-27
       Dr. Manish Kumar Jain, Dr. Nalin Joshi                                                                                  PDF FULL TEXT

ABSTRACT

​Background: Chronic pulmonary obstructive disease (COPD) has been liable for the diminished quality of life just as expanded grimness and mortality. All-inclusive it has been assessed that about 3,000,000 people worldwide died because of  COPD and bound to possess the third spot of mortality by 2030. It has been additionally assessed that in India the prevalence of COPD is approximately around 30 million. Material & Methods: The present prospective study was conducted at department of respiratory medicine of our tertiary care hospital. In present study, we enrolled 50 study participants from outdoor and from ward by simple random sampling, who were presented with signs and symptoms of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. Clearance from Institutional Ethics Committee was taken before start of study. Written informed consent was taken from each study participant. Results: On the basis of the Systemic examination finding, the most common finding was rhonchi among 96% patients which was followed by hyper resonance among 32% patients followed by obliterated liver dullness, obliterated cardiac dullness and crepitation among 28% patients respectively. 26% patients had loud p2 sound which was followed by reduced chest movements and Reduced Crico-sternal distance among 24% patients respectively. 18% patients had barrel chest which was followed by finding of accessory muscles among 12% patients. Reduced air entry seen in 8% patients and 4% patients had Intercostal chest retractions. On the basis of the symptoms all study participants had complain and symptom of dyspnoea. Out of the total, 92% patients had cough which was followed by expectoration in 56% patients which was followed by wheeze in 28% patients which was followed by fever among 10% patients. Conclusion: We concluded from the present study that introduction of COPD stay same in non-smokers which incorporates Dyspnea, Rhonchi and cough. Basic hazard factors for non-smoker COPD are Indoor Air Pollution, Cotton Mill laborers and low Socioeconomic class. Among indoor contamination, LPG, lamp fuel and wood/coal burning fumes are the hazard factors for non-smokers COPD in non-smokers.
Keywords: COPD, clinical profile, risk factors.