International Journal of Medical Sciences and Education (IJMSE)
Vol. 2; Issue: 3 (July-Sepember 2015) , Date of Publication: 01.10.2015
1. CADAVER SPEAKS
Dr Sachin Palve, Dr Rajkumar Patil, Dr Abhijit Boratne
ABSTRACT:
A cadaver is an essential part of medical education. Cadaver is not tool or equipment; He was a living human being, who gives us an opportunity to learn. We should respect him and be grateful. He is first and silent teacher of a medical student. We tried to give honest tribute to cadaver.
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2. AN AUDIT OF APPROPRIATE USE OF BLOOD COMPONENTS IN TERTIARY CARE HOSPITAL
Sharma Richa , Jain Chetna
ABSTRACT:
Objective: Blood is a precious health resource. The decision for blood transfusion is important as there are significant associated complications. This study designed to determine the rate of appropriate use of blood and blood component transfusions in various departments. Material & Method- This retrospective study was done in tertiary care hospital in Jhalawar in eastern Rajasthan of northern India. Result: Out of total 902 episodes of blood & blood component transfusions, 565 (62.63%) episodes were appropriate and 337 (37.37%) episodes were inappropriate. Among these fresh frozen plasma transfusion had highest inappropriate [ (8/18) 44.45%] episodes followed by packed red cell transfusions[292/734(39.79%) and platelet transfusion [26/94,27.65%] and whole blood [11/56, 19.65%] conclusion : transfusion audit is very important to access the blood utilization pattern in any hospital and judicious implementation of guidelines for the use of various blood components may help decrease their inappropriate use.
Keywords: Audit, Guidelines, Blood components, Transfusion.
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3. CORRELATION OF C-REACTIVE PROTEIN WITH ARTERIAL HYPERTENSION IN PATIENTS OF UDAIPUR DISTRICT
B.L.Somani ,A.P.Gupta
ABSTRACT:
Background: Higher levels of C-reactive protein (CRP), an inflammatory marker, measured easily in laboratory, for which clinical cut off value is recommended, prospectively associated with an increased risk of atherosclerosis so associated with arterial hypertension (AH) and coronary artery disease (CAD). Present study was conducted to examine whether CRP act as a marker or mediator for low grade systemic inflammation in vascular system, was associated with arterial hypertension. Material and Methods: One hundred fifty cases of AH attending Pacific medical college and hospital, Udaipur were included in the study and their various investigations were carried out to exclude the other co-morbid diseases in all cases. No follow- up CRP levels was observed. Results: We found about 42.67 % (64/150) cases of AH were having elevated CRP levels. In CRP positive group 79.69% (51) were male and 20.31% (13) were female indicating male preponderance. Conclusions: CRP levels are associated with future development of AH and CAD, due to inflammatory conditions related to atherosclerosis concluded in our study.
KEYWORDS: CRP, arterial hypertension, atherosclerosis, inflammation, rennin angiotensin system (RAS).
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4. The Placental Changes in Hypertensive Disorder of Pregnancy and Compare with Normal Pregnancy
Dr.Lokesh Singhal, Dr.Saurabh Bhargawa, Dr.Arihant Tater, Dr. Monika Jain, Dr. Ashmita Jawa, Dr. Veena Acharya
ABSTRACT:
Objective: The aim of the study is to study the spectrum of placental changes in Hypertensive disorder of pregnancy and correlate with normal pregnancy. Material & Methods: It was an observational study conducted in department of Obs & Gynae in Mahatma Gandhi Medical college, Jaipur Rajasthan on 50 placenta out of which 25 belong to hypertensive disorder of pregnancy (Blood pressure >150/90), and 25 placenta belong to control group (uncomplicated pregnancy). Results : In hypertensive disorder of pregnancy mean placental weight and volume was found to be much lower then the control group. Statically significant difference was found among the group according to weight of placenta with p value 0.027 and volume of placenta with p value 0.032.. Macroscopic features like calcification, infarct, retro placental hematoma was found much more then the control group, moreover these are more common in severe form of hypertensive then the milder form of hypertensive disorder of pregnancy. No Statically significant difference was found among the group according to shape of placenta with p value 0.88. Incidence of low birth weight and still birth was also more in hypertensive disorder patient then in control group. Conclusion : Placental changes are more common in hypertensive disorder of pregnancy then in control and it is associated adverse fetal outcome i.e. low birth weight and still birth.
Keywords: Placental Changes, Hypertensive disorders of pregnancy, Normal pregnancy.
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5. A COMPARISON OF ADVERSE DRUG EVENTS PROFILE OF TWO ART REGIMENS CONSISTING ZIDOVUDINE PLUS LAMIVUDINE VERSUS STAVUDINE PLUS LAMIVUDINE IN COMBINATION WITH NEVIRAPINE IN ADULT HIV/AIDS PATIENTS IN A TERTIARY CARE HOSPITAL
Rakesh K Karnani , Manoj K Saurabh , Sapna Kamdar
ABSTRACT:
Objective: The Antiretroviral Therapy (ART) forms the mainstay of treatment regimen against HIV/AIDS in both developed and developing countries. Unfortunately, nearly 25% of these patients discontinue their initial ART regimen because of adverse events or toxic effects of therapy. Adverse drug events caused by Anti-Retroviral Therapy (ART) varies from patient to patient and from country to country. Material and Methods: This prospective observational cohort study was carried out to compare the adverse drug events (ADEs) caused by fixed dose combination (FDC) containing Zidovudine-Lamivudine-Nevirapine (regimen-I) or Stavudine-Lamivudine-Nevirapine (regimen-II). The adult HIV/AIDS patients, who underwent treatment with either regimen-I or regimen-II during the study period and met inclusion criteria, were included in the study. Result: The total number of patients who experienced at least one ADE was ‘93’; out of this ‘59’ patients were on regimen-I and ‘34’ patients were on regimen-II. The most common ADR observed with regimen-I was anemia (40.68%) and with regimen-II was peripheral neuropathy (41.18%). Conclusion: Adverse drug events were more commonly reported with regimen-I as compare with regimen-II but ADEs observed with regimen-II were more severe and affect patient`s willingness to adhere with this regimen. However, there were no statistically significant difference (χ2 value 0.3145 and p value >0.05) was seen in pattern of adverse drug events with above two regimens.
Key Words: Anti-Retroviral Therapy, Adverse Drug Events, Zidovudine-Lamivudine-Nevirapine, Stavudine-Lamivudine-Nevirapine.
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6. EFFECT OF NIMESULIDE ON SPERMATOGENESIS IN ALBINO RATS — A HISTOLOGICAL STUDY
Dr.Ram Singh Verma
ABSTRACT:
Objective: The aim of the study is to find effect of nimesulide on sperrnogenesis by studying the histological changes in the testis of rats. Material & Methods: It was an animal model experimental study conducted in department of pharmacology ,G S V M Medical College, and Kanpur, for this work 60 male albino- rats were taken and divided into two groups (A,B )containing, 30 rats each. The rats of group A served as a control group; and group B served as a Nimesulide group. Five rats of each group will be sacrificed on day 15, 30 45 60,75 and 90 respectively under ether anesthesia for observation of testis and epididymis. Results : Treatment with nimesulide did not significantly affect body weight, and testis weights, but there were significant differences in testicular architecture and degenerative changes. Conclusion : Nimesulide administration causes suppression of spermatogenesis. Prolonged administration of nimesulide leads to necrosis of germinal epithelium and infiltration with lymphocytes and fibrosis at places Thus prolonged administration of nimesulide causes irreversible damage to germinal epithelium of testis.
Keywords: Cox 2 Inhibitors, Spermatotoxic,NSAIDS.
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7. ESTIMATION OF BURDEN OF CHRONIC OBSTRUCTIVE PULMONARY DISEASE AND ITS CLINICAL PROFILE ALONG WITH RISK FACTORS AMONG NON-SMOKERS IN URBAN AREA
Mahindrakar MM, Suryavanshi AD, Kapse VR
ABSTRACT:
Background: The incidence of COPD has been accounted for approximately 3.5% in India. The incidence of COPD is reported more in males (5%) as compared to females (3.2%). COPD likewise contributes essentially to the disability-adjusted life years loss (DALY) in patients. COPD additionally puts a great deal of additional weight on the pockets of the patients along with additional out-of-pocket expenditure. Material & Methods: The present prospective study was conducted at the department of respiratory medicine of our tertiary care hospital. In the present study, we enrolled 100 study participants from outdoor and from the ward by simple random sampling, who were presented with signs and symptoms of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. Clearance from Institutional Ethics Committee was taken before the start of the study. Written informed consent was taken from each study participant. Results: In the present study, Systemic examination finding of total study participants was recorded. Based on the Systemic examination finding, the most common finding was rhonchi among 95% of patients which was followed by hyper resonance among 33% of patients followed by obliterated liver dullness (29%), obliterated cardiac dullness, and crepitation among 28% of patients respectively. 27% of patients had loud p2 sound which was followed by reduced chest movements (25%), and Reduced Crico-sternal distance among 23% of patients respectively. 19% of patients had barrel chest which was followed by the finding of accessory muscles among 13% of patients. Reduced air entry was seen in 9% of patients and 5% of patients had Intercostal chest retractions. Conclusion: We concluded from the present study that Dyspnea, Rhonchi, and cough are the commonest symptoms of COPD. Basic hazard factors for non-smoker COPD are Indoor Air Pollution, Cotton Mill laborers, and low socioeconomic class.
Keywords: COPD, clinical profile, risk factors.
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8. ASSOCIATION OF SERUM FERRITIN LEVELS IN CASES OF ACUTE ISCHEMIC STROKE
Dr. Sabir Ali
ABSTRACT:
Background: WHO defines an acute stroke as a series of rapidly developing clinical signs of localized or focally disruption of CNS function, lasting longer than 24hrs or resulting in mortality, with no clear etiology other than a vascular origin. Acute ischemic stroke is considered a neurological dysfunction event triggered by localized brain, spine, or retinal infarctions.Material & Methods: The present cross sectional, prospective study was carried out at department of General Medicine, at our tertiary care hospital. The study duration was of six months from July 2014 to December 2014. A sample size of 50 was calculated at 90% confidence interval at 10% acceptable margin of error. All patients who had presented with acute onset of stroke within 24 hours. Only those patients who matched the inclusion and exclusion criteria were enrolled in present study.Results:. In the present study, out of total study participants, Based on the NIHSS stroke scale, 72% patients had moderate to severe disabilities, and 28% had minor disabilities. Out of total study participants, Based on the modified rankin scale (MRS), 30% had a mild disability but could walk, and 21% had a moderate disability but could walk, 20% had no significant disability, 20% had a walking disability, and only 9% had a severe disability. Based on serum ferritin and the severity of stroke based on the NIHSS scale it was found to statistically significant association (p value < 0.001) between severity of acute ischemic stroke and their serum ferritin levels. Modified Rankin scale (MRS) and serum ferritin.It was found to statistically significant association (p value < 0.001) between outcome of acute ischemic stroke and their serum ferritin levels.Conclusion: We concluded from the present study that the patients with higher serum ferritin levels at admission tend to deteriorate more as compared to those with lower levels. Thus, serum ferritin can be used as a prognostic marker of outcome and disability in acute ischemic stroke.
Keywords: Acute ischemic stroke, serum ferritin levels, NIHSS, MRS.
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9. EVALUATION OF EFFICACY OF INTRAVENOUS IRON SUCROSE THERAPY AMONG CHILDREN WITH IRON DEFICIENCY ANEMIA.
Dr. Anil Rathi
ABSTRACT:
Background: Background: Several intravenous iron preparations are available for treatment, including iron dextran, iron gluconate, and iron sucrose. While these preparations effectively increase hemoglobin levels and restore iron stores, iron dextran use is associated with potential side effects, including immune and dose-related anaphylactic reactions in about 1% of patients treated. Material & Methods: The present cross sectional, prospective study was carried out at department of pediatrics, at our tertiary care hospital. The study duration was of six months from July 2013 to December 2013. In this prospective study we enrolled 100 children of age group of 1-15 years of children with diagnosis of iron deficiency anemia unresponsive to oral iron treatment and enrolled by simple random sampling. Results: In the present study, out of total enrolled participants, on the basis of Range of Hb (g/dl) it was found that 18% children had Hb 5-6 g/dl, 36% children had Hb 6-7 g/dl, 32% children had Hb 7-8 g/dl, and 14% children had Hb 8-9 g/dl. On the basis of changes in hematological parameters following intravenous administration of iron sucrose it was found that mean increase after 30 days of therapy was 5.2 ± 0.7 g/dl in Hb, 16.5 ± 2.4 % in PCV, 2.13 ± 0.6 x106 cells / cu mm in RBC count, 11.9 ± 5.4 pg in MCH and 22.4 ± 5.7 fL in MCV. There was no mortality reported in present study. Conclusion: We concluded from the present study that, the administration of iron sucrose was deemed safe, demonstrating only minor, transient, and reversible side effects, even among small children.
Keywords: Iron deficiency anemia, Iron sucrose, Haemoglobin.
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10.COMPARATIVE STUDY OF OPERATIVE TIME AND SURGICAL EFFICIENCY IN END-TO-END VERSUS SIDE-TO-END COLORECTAL ANASTOMOSIS FOR RECTAL CANCER.
Dr. Dinesh Kumar Jindal
ABSTRACT:
Background: Colorectal cancer remains a critical global health issue, requiring effective treatment strategies to ensure the best possible patient outcomes. Low anterior resection is a key surgical procedure for managing rectal cancer, aimed at preserving gastrointestinal continuity while ensuring oncological effectiveness. The success of LAR is largely influenced by the choice of anastomotic technique, with side-to-end anastomosis and end-to-end anastomosis being the primary options. Material & Methods: The present study was a case control type of study which was carried out in the department of General Surgery, of our tertiary care hospital. The study duration was of six months. A sample size of 40 was calculated at 95% confidence interval at 10% acceptable margin of error. Only those patients who matched the inclusion and exclusion criteria were enrolled in present study. Results: The proportion of low anterior resections was slightly higher in the EEA group (80%) compared to the SEA group (65%), while ultralow resections were more frequently performed in the SEA group (35% vs. 20%) (p > 0.05). Mobilization of the splenic flexure was completed in all SEA patients (100%) and in 90% of EEA patients, (p > 0.05). Blood loss of less than 100 mL was observed in most patients from both groups (90% in SEA and 95% in EEA, (p > 0.05). Operative time, however, was significantly longer in the SEA group (173.0 ± 12.8 minutes) compared to the EEA group (140.0 ± 10.2 minutes, p < 0.05). Intraoperative anastomotic line bleeding was rare, occurring in 10% of EEA patients and 5% of SEA patients, (p > 0.05). Conclusion: We concluded from the present study that that SEA and EEA are equally effective in most clinical scenarios, with the choice of technique largely determined by surgical expertise and the patient's specific anatomical features.
Keywords: side-to-end anastomosis (SEA), end-to-end anastomosis (EEA), Low anterior resection (LAR)
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Dr Sachin Palve, Dr Rajkumar Patil, Dr Abhijit Boratne
ABSTRACT:
A cadaver is an essential part of medical education. Cadaver is not tool or equipment; He was a living human being, who gives us an opportunity to learn. We should respect him and be grateful. He is first and silent teacher of a medical student. We tried to give honest tribute to cadaver.
PDF FULL TEXT
_______________________________________________________________________________________
2. AN AUDIT OF APPROPRIATE USE OF BLOOD COMPONENTS IN TERTIARY CARE HOSPITAL
Sharma Richa , Jain Chetna
ABSTRACT:
Objective: Blood is a precious health resource. The decision for blood transfusion is important as there are significant associated complications. This study designed to determine the rate of appropriate use of blood and blood component transfusions in various departments. Material & Method- This retrospective study was done in tertiary care hospital in Jhalawar in eastern Rajasthan of northern India. Result: Out of total 902 episodes of blood & blood component transfusions, 565 (62.63%) episodes were appropriate and 337 (37.37%) episodes were inappropriate. Among these fresh frozen plasma transfusion had highest inappropriate [ (8/18) 44.45%] episodes followed by packed red cell transfusions[292/734(39.79%) and platelet transfusion [26/94,27.65%] and whole blood [11/56, 19.65%] conclusion : transfusion audit is very important to access the blood utilization pattern in any hospital and judicious implementation of guidelines for the use of various blood components may help decrease their inappropriate use.
Keywords: Audit, Guidelines, Blood components, Transfusion.
PDF FULL TEXT
_______________________________________________________________________________________
3. CORRELATION OF C-REACTIVE PROTEIN WITH ARTERIAL HYPERTENSION IN PATIENTS OF UDAIPUR DISTRICT
B.L.Somani ,A.P.Gupta
ABSTRACT:
Background: Higher levels of C-reactive protein (CRP), an inflammatory marker, measured easily in laboratory, for which clinical cut off value is recommended, prospectively associated with an increased risk of atherosclerosis so associated with arterial hypertension (AH) and coronary artery disease (CAD). Present study was conducted to examine whether CRP act as a marker or mediator for low grade systemic inflammation in vascular system, was associated with arterial hypertension. Material and Methods: One hundred fifty cases of AH attending Pacific medical college and hospital, Udaipur were included in the study and their various investigations were carried out to exclude the other co-morbid diseases in all cases. No follow- up CRP levels was observed. Results: We found about 42.67 % (64/150) cases of AH were having elevated CRP levels. In CRP positive group 79.69% (51) were male and 20.31% (13) were female indicating male preponderance. Conclusions: CRP levels are associated with future development of AH and CAD, due to inflammatory conditions related to atherosclerosis concluded in our study.
KEYWORDS: CRP, arterial hypertension, atherosclerosis, inflammation, rennin angiotensin system (RAS).
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4. The Placental Changes in Hypertensive Disorder of Pregnancy and Compare with Normal Pregnancy
Dr.Lokesh Singhal, Dr.Saurabh Bhargawa, Dr.Arihant Tater, Dr. Monika Jain, Dr. Ashmita Jawa, Dr. Veena Acharya
ABSTRACT:
Objective: The aim of the study is to study the spectrum of placental changes in Hypertensive disorder of pregnancy and correlate with normal pregnancy. Material & Methods: It was an observational study conducted in department of Obs & Gynae in Mahatma Gandhi Medical college, Jaipur Rajasthan on 50 placenta out of which 25 belong to hypertensive disorder of pregnancy (Blood pressure >150/90), and 25 placenta belong to control group (uncomplicated pregnancy). Results : In hypertensive disorder of pregnancy mean placental weight and volume was found to be much lower then the control group. Statically significant difference was found among the group according to weight of placenta with p value 0.027 and volume of placenta with p value 0.032.. Macroscopic features like calcification, infarct, retro placental hematoma was found much more then the control group, moreover these are more common in severe form of hypertensive then the milder form of hypertensive disorder of pregnancy. No Statically significant difference was found among the group according to shape of placenta with p value 0.88. Incidence of low birth weight and still birth was also more in hypertensive disorder patient then in control group. Conclusion : Placental changes are more common in hypertensive disorder of pregnancy then in control and it is associated adverse fetal outcome i.e. low birth weight and still birth.
Keywords: Placental Changes, Hypertensive disorders of pregnancy, Normal pregnancy.
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5. A COMPARISON OF ADVERSE DRUG EVENTS PROFILE OF TWO ART REGIMENS CONSISTING ZIDOVUDINE PLUS LAMIVUDINE VERSUS STAVUDINE PLUS LAMIVUDINE IN COMBINATION WITH NEVIRAPINE IN ADULT HIV/AIDS PATIENTS IN A TERTIARY CARE HOSPITAL
Rakesh K Karnani , Manoj K Saurabh , Sapna Kamdar
ABSTRACT:
Objective: The Antiretroviral Therapy (ART) forms the mainstay of treatment regimen against HIV/AIDS in both developed and developing countries. Unfortunately, nearly 25% of these patients discontinue their initial ART regimen because of adverse events or toxic effects of therapy. Adverse drug events caused by Anti-Retroviral Therapy (ART) varies from patient to patient and from country to country. Material and Methods: This prospective observational cohort study was carried out to compare the adverse drug events (ADEs) caused by fixed dose combination (FDC) containing Zidovudine-Lamivudine-Nevirapine (regimen-I) or Stavudine-Lamivudine-Nevirapine (regimen-II). The adult HIV/AIDS patients, who underwent treatment with either regimen-I or regimen-II during the study period and met inclusion criteria, were included in the study. Result: The total number of patients who experienced at least one ADE was ‘93’; out of this ‘59’ patients were on regimen-I and ‘34’ patients were on regimen-II. The most common ADR observed with regimen-I was anemia (40.68%) and with regimen-II was peripheral neuropathy (41.18%). Conclusion: Adverse drug events were more commonly reported with regimen-I as compare with regimen-II but ADEs observed with regimen-II were more severe and affect patient`s willingness to adhere with this regimen. However, there were no statistically significant difference (χ2 value 0.3145 and p value >0.05) was seen in pattern of adverse drug events with above two regimens.
Key Words: Anti-Retroviral Therapy, Adverse Drug Events, Zidovudine-Lamivudine-Nevirapine, Stavudine-Lamivudine-Nevirapine.
PDF FULL TEXT
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6. EFFECT OF NIMESULIDE ON SPERMATOGENESIS IN ALBINO RATS — A HISTOLOGICAL STUDY
Dr.Ram Singh Verma
ABSTRACT:
Objective: The aim of the study is to find effect of nimesulide on sperrnogenesis by studying the histological changes in the testis of rats. Material & Methods: It was an animal model experimental study conducted in department of pharmacology ,G S V M Medical College, and Kanpur, for this work 60 male albino- rats were taken and divided into two groups (A,B )containing, 30 rats each. The rats of group A served as a control group; and group B served as a Nimesulide group. Five rats of each group will be sacrificed on day 15, 30 45 60,75 and 90 respectively under ether anesthesia for observation of testis and epididymis. Results : Treatment with nimesulide did not significantly affect body weight, and testis weights, but there were significant differences in testicular architecture and degenerative changes. Conclusion : Nimesulide administration causes suppression of spermatogenesis. Prolonged administration of nimesulide leads to necrosis of germinal epithelium and infiltration with lymphocytes and fibrosis at places Thus prolonged administration of nimesulide causes irreversible damage to germinal epithelium of testis.
Keywords: Cox 2 Inhibitors, Spermatotoxic,NSAIDS.
PDF FULL TEXT
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7. ESTIMATION OF BURDEN OF CHRONIC OBSTRUCTIVE PULMONARY DISEASE AND ITS CLINICAL PROFILE ALONG WITH RISK FACTORS AMONG NON-SMOKERS IN URBAN AREA
Mahindrakar MM, Suryavanshi AD, Kapse VR
ABSTRACT:
Background: The incidence of COPD has been accounted for approximately 3.5% in India. The incidence of COPD is reported more in males (5%) as compared to females (3.2%). COPD likewise contributes essentially to the disability-adjusted life years loss (DALY) in patients. COPD additionally puts a great deal of additional weight on the pockets of the patients along with additional out-of-pocket expenditure. Material & Methods: The present prospective study was conducted at the department of respiratory medicine of our tertiary care hospital. In the present study, we enrolled 100 study participants from outdoor and from the ward by simple random sampling, who were presented with signs and symptoms of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. Clearance from Institutional Ethics Committee was taken before the start of the study. Written informed consent was taken from each study participant. Results: In the present study, Systemic examination finding of total study participants was recorded. Based on the Systemic examination finding, the most common finding was rhonchi among 95% of patients which was followed by hyper resonance among 33% of patients followed by obliterated liver dullness (29%), obliterated cardiac dullness, and crepitation among 28% of patients respectively. 27% of patients had loud p2 sound which was followed by reduced chest movements (25%), and Reduced Crico-sternal distance among 23% of patients respectively. 19% of patients had barrel chest which was followed by the finding of accessory muscles among 13% of patients. Reduced air entry was seen in 9% of patients and 5% of patients had Intercostal chest retractions. Conclusion: We concluded from the present study that Dyspnea, Rhonchi, and cough are the commonest symptoms of COPD. Basic hazard factors for non-smoker COPD are Indoor Air Pollution, Cotton Mill laborers, and low socioeconomic class.
Keywords: COPD, clinical profile, risk factors.
PDF FULL TEXT
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8. ASSOCIATION OF SERUM FERRITIN LEVELS IN CASES OF ACUTE ISCHEMIC STROKE
Dr. Sabir Ali
ABSTRACT:
Background: WHO defines an acute stroke as a series of rapidly developing clinical signs of localized or focally disruption of CNS function, lasting longer than 24hrs or resulting in mortality, with no clear etiology other than a vascular origin. Acute ischemic stroke is considered a neurological dysfunction event triggered by localized brain, spine, or retinal infarctions.Material & Methods: The present cross sectional, prospective study was carried out at department of General Medicine, at our tertiary care hospital. The study duration was of six months from July 2014 to December 2014. A sample size of 50 was calculated at 90% confidence interval at 10% acceptable margin of error. All patients who had presented with acute onset of stroke within 24 hours. Only those patients who matched the inclusion and exclusion criteria were enrolled in present study.Results:. In the present study, out of total study participants, Based on the NIHSS stroke scale, 72% patients had moderate to severe disabilities, and 28% had minor disabilities. Out of total study participants, Based on the modified rankin scale (MRS), 30% had a mild disability but could walk, and 21% had a moderate disability but could walk, 20% had no significant disability, 20% had a walking disability, and only 9% had a severe disability. Based on serum ferritin and the severity of stroke based on the NIHSS scale it was found to statistically significant association (p value < 0.001) between severity of acute ischemic stroke and their serum ferritin levels. Modified Rankin scale (MRS) and serum ferritin.It was found to statistically significant association (p value < 0.001) between outcome of acute ischemic stroke and their serum ferritin levels.Conclusion: We concluded from the present study that the patients with higher serum ferritin levels at admission tend to deteriorate more as compared to those with lower levels. Thus, serum ferritin can be used as a prognostic marker of outcome and disability in acute ischemic stroke.
Keywords: Acute ischemic stroke, serum ferritin levels, NIHSS, MRS.
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9. EVALUATION OF EFFICACY OF INTRAVENOUS IRON SUCROSE THERAPY AMONG CHILDREN WITH IRON DEFICIENCY ANEMIA.
Dr. Anil Rathi
ABSTRACT:
Background: Background: Several intravenous iron preparations are available for treatment, including iron dextran, iron gluconate, and iron sucrose. While these preparations effectively increase hemoglobin levels and restore iron stores, iron dextran use is associated with potential side effects, including immune and dose-related anaphylactic reactions in about 1% of patients treated. Material & Methods: The present cross sectional, prospective study was carried out at department of pediatrics, at our tertiary care hospital. The study duration was of six months from July 2013 to December 2013. In this prospective study we enrolled 100 children of age group of 1-15 years of children with diagnosis of iron deficiency anemia unresponsive to oral iron treatment and enrolled by simple random sampling. Results: In the present study, out of total enrolled participants, on the basis of Range of Hb (g/dl) it was found that 18% children had Hb 5-6 g/dl, 36% children had Hb 6-7 g/dl, 32% children had Hb 7-8 g/dl, and 14% children had Hb 8-9 g/dl. On the basis of changes in hematological parameters following intravenous administration of iron sucrose it was found that mean increase after 30 days of therapy was 5.2 ± 0.7 g/dl in Hb, 16.5 ± 2.4 % in PCV, 2.13 ± 0.6 x106 cells / cu mm in RBC count, 11.9 ± 5.4 pg in MCH and 22.4 ± 5.7 fL in MCV. There was no mortality reported in present study. Conclusion: We concluded from the present study that, the administration of iron sucrose was deemed safe, demonstrating only minor, transient, and reversible side effects, even among small children.
Keywords: Iron deficiency anemia, Iron sucrose, Haemoglobin.
PDF FULL TEXT
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10.COMPARATIVE STUDY OF OPERATIVE TIME AND SURGICAL EFFICIENCY IN END-TO-END VERSUS SIDE-TO-END COLORECTAL ANASTOMOSIS FOR RECTAL CANCER.
Dr. Dinesh Kumar Jindal
ABSTRACT:
Background: Colorectal cancer remains a critical global health issue, requiring effective treatment strategies to ensure the best possible patient outcomes. Low anterior resection is a key surgical procedure for managing rectal cancer, aimed at preserving gastrointestinal continuity while ensuring oncological effectiveness. The success of LAR is largely influenced by the choice of anastomotic technique, with side-to-end anastomosis and end-to-end anastomosis being the primary options. Material & Methods: The present study was a case control type of study which was carried out in the department of General Surgery, of our tertiary care hospital. The study duration was of six months. A sample size of 40 was calculated at 95% confidence interval at 10% acceptable margin of error. Only those patients who matched the inclusion and exclusion criteria were enrolled in present study. Results: The proportion of low anterior resections was slightly higher in the EEA group (80%) compared to the SEA group (65%), while ultralow resections were more frequently performed in the SEA group (35% vs. 20%) (p > 0.05). Mobilization of the splenic flexure was completed in all SEA patients (100%) and in 90% of EEA patients, (p > 0.05). Blood loss of less than 100 mL was observed in most patients from both groups (90% in SEA and 95% in EEA, (p > 0.05). Operative time, however, was significantly longer in the SEA group (173.0 ± 12.8 minutes) compared to the EEA group (140.0 ± 10.2 minutes, p < 0.05). Intraoperative anastomotic line bleeding was rare, occurring in 10% of EEA patients and 5% of SEA patients, (p > 0.05). Conclusion: We concluded from the present study that that SEA and EEA are equally effective in most clinical scenarios, with the choice of technique largely determined by surgical expertise and the patient's specific anatomical features.
Keywords: side-to-end anastomosis (SEA), end-to-end anastomosis (EEA), Low anterior resection (LAR)
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